I-Valve iyimishini esetshenziswa kabanzi etholakala cishe noma kuphi, ama-valve ayasebenza emigwaqweni, ezindlini, ezitshalweni zikagesi nezigayo zephepha, izindawo zokuhluza, kanye nengqalasizinda ehlukahlukene nezimboni.
Yiziphi izimboni eziyisikhombisa okuvame ukusetshenziswa kuzo amavalvu futhi ziwasebenzisa kanjani amavalvu:
1. Imboni yamandla
Izikhungo eziningi zikagesi zisebenzisa amafutha ezinsalela kanye nezinjini zomoya ezinesivinini esikhulu ukuze zikhiqize ugesi.Ama-valve esangozikhethwa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokuvula/ukuvala izimboni zamandla.Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa amanye ama-valve, njengeY ama-valve eglobhu.
Ukusebenza okuphezuluama-valve ebholaasetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamandla.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemishini kagesi zibeka amapayipi namavalvu ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu, ngakho-ke ama-valve adinga izinto eziqinile nemiklamo ukuze amelane nokuhlolwa okuningi kwemijikelezo, amazinga okushisa, nezingcindezi.
Ngaphezu kwe-valve eyinhloko ye-steam, isitshalo samandla sinenani lamapayipi asizayo.Lawa mapayipi asizayo aqukethe ahlukahlukeneama-valve embulunga, izivalo uvemvane, hlola ama-valve, ama-valve ebholafuthiama-valve esango.
2. Amanzi ayasebenza
Izitshalo zamanzi zidinga amazinga okucindezela aphansi namazinga okushisa asendaweni.
Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyigumbi lokushisa, ama-rubber seal nama-elastomer angafaneleki kwenye indawo angasetshenziswa.Lezi zinhlobo zezinto zingafinyelela ukufakwa okuvaliwe kwama-valve amanzi ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi.
Amavavu emisebenzi yamanzi ngokuvamile anezingcindezi ezingaphansi kuka-200psi, ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokucindezela okuphezulu, ukuklama kwengcindezi yodonga.Ngaphandle uma udinga ukusebenzisa ivalvu endaweni yokucindezela okukhulu edamini noma emzileni omude wamanzi, ivalvu yamanzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ingase idingeke ukuze imelane nokucindezela okungaba ngu-300psi.
3. Imboni yasogwini
Uhlelo lwamapayipi lwezindawo zokukhiqiza ezisogwini kanye nezinkundla zokumba uwoyela luqukethe inani elikhuluama-valve.Le mikhiqizo ye-valve inezincazelo ezihlukahlukene ezingabhekana nazo zonke izinkinga zokulawula ukugeleza.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yezindawo zokukhiqiza uwoyela igesi yemvelo noma uhlelo lwamapayipi okubuyisela uwoyela.Lolu hlelo alusetshenziswanga kuphela endaweni yesikhulumi, uhlelo lwayo lokukhiqiza luvame ukusetshenziswa ezinyaweni ze-10,000 noma ukujula okukhulu.
Kumapulatifomu amakhulu kawoyela, kudingeka ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe kukawoyela ongahluziwe ovela esihlokweni somthombo.Lezi zinqubo zihlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kwegesi (igesi yemvelo) kumhwamuko owuketshezi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi kuma-hydrocarbon.
Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukusetshenziswaama-valve ebholafuthihlola ama-valvefuthiAmavalvu esango le-API 6D. Amavalvu e-API 6Dazilungele izicelo ezinezidingo eziqinile zamapayipi, futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphakathi zamapayipi emikhunjini yokumba noma amapulatifomu.
4. Ukuhlanza amanzi angcolile
Ipayipi lamanzi angcolile liqoqa izinto eziqinile neziwuketshezi bese liziqondisa endaweni yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile.Izikhungo zokuhlanza indle zisebenzisa amapayipi anengcindezi ephansi kanye nama-valve ukuze asebenze.Ezimweni eziningi, izidingo zama-valve amanzi angcolile zikhululekile kakhulu kunalezo zamanzi ahlanzekile.
Hlola ama-valvefuthiamasango ensimbiukukhetha okudume kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile.
5. Ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela negesi
Imithombo yegesi nemithombo kawoyela kanye nezindawo zokukhiqiza zisebenzisa ama-valve amaningi asindayo.Igesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba kanye namafutha anokucindezela okukhulu, uwoyela negesi kungafuthwa emoyeni ngamamitha ayi-100 ukuphakama.
Inhlanganisela yama-valve nezinsiza ezikhethekile ingakwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi ezingaphezu kuka-10,000 psi.Lokhu kucindezela akuvamile emhlabeni futhi kuvame kakhulu emithonjeni kawoyela ejulile yolwandle.
Ama-valve emishini ye-wellhead angaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu.Inhlanganisela yamapayipi e-valve ngokuvamile iqukethe okukhethekileama-valve embulunga(ebizwa ngokuthi ama-throttle valves) kanyeama-valve esango.Okukhethekilei-valve yokumisaisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukugeleza okuvela emthonjeni.
Ngaphandle kwe-wellhead, kukhona nezinsiza ezidinga ama-valve ezindaweni zegesi yemvelo namafutha.Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto zokusebenza zenqubo yokwelashwa kwangaphambili kwegesi yemvelo noma uwoyela.Lawa ma-valve ngokuvamile enziwe ngensimbi ye-carbon grade ephansi.
6. Amapayipi
Ama-valve amaningi abalulekile asetshenziswa kula mapayipi : isibonelo, ama-valve okumisa amapayipi aphuthumayo.I-valve yezimo eziphuthumayo ingahlukanisa ipayipi ukuze lilungiswe noma livuze.
Kukhona nezinsiza ezihlakazekile eduze kwepayipi : yilapho ipayipi livezwa khona phansi, lokhu kuyimpahla esetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokuhlanza umugqa wokukhiqiza.Lezi ziteshi ziqukethe ama-valve amaningi, ngokuvamileama-valve ebhola or ama-valve esango.Ivalvu yesistimu yamapayipi kufanele ivuleke ngokugcwele ukuze kudlule imishini yokukhipha amanzi.
7. Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano
Kunenqwaba yamapayipi ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano ezimile.Phela zonke izakhiwo zidinga amanzi nogesi.Emanzini, kufanele kube nezinhlobonhlobo zamapayipi okuthutha amanzi, amanzi angcolile, amanzi ashisayo kanye nezindawo zokuvikela umlilo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze benze uhlelo lokuvikela umlilo lusebenze ngokujwayelekile, kufanele babe nokucindezela okwanele.Uhlobo nesigaba se-valve yokuhlanganisa umlilo kufanele kuvunywe yi-ejensi yokuphatha ehambisanayo ngaphambi kokufakwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-08-2023